A Phase at Sprint Competition

Another sprint race followed the same basic pattern, but the length and importance of the relative phase varies. In the aspect of biomechanics running speed is determined by stride length and step frequency (number of steps in the per unit time). To be able to outrun an athlete must increase one or both of them. Optimal relationship between stride length and step frequency stages varies for different competitions. In the sprint, there are several stages namely:
1. Start

According to the IAAF (2001, 6) a good start is marked with the following characteristics;

a. Full concentration and remove all interference from outside as in the position of the cue "ready"

b.Adopt an appropriate attitude in the position when the command "ready"

c. An impulse explosif by both feet on the start-block, the start point of the maximum

The technique used to start should ensure that the greatest possible power can be generated by the athletes as close to the optimum angle-start 450. after the fastest possible reaction should be followed by a motion (run) the acceleration of winds from the point-center of gravity and the first steps must lead to maximum likelihood.

There are three variations in the start-squat is determined by start-block placement relative to the start line: a. Start-short (bunch-start), b. Start-medium (medium-start), c. Start-long (elongated-start). Start the medium is generally recommended, ince it provides opportunities for athletes to apply resources in a longer time than the start-length (resulting in higher speed), but does not require much strength as in the start-short (bunch-start). An assessment of the start-squat technique can therefore begin with the start of medium. There are three parts in the movement start, namely:
a. The position of "willing"

In this position sprinter took the early attitude or position "bersediaaa", the quickest feet / agility placed on the surface of the tilted blocks at the front. Hands are placed behind the start line and support the body (see picture). Ditempatkanpada back foot behind the surface of the block, the eye could see land ahead, neck relaxed, head in line with the body
According to the IAAF (2001; 8) position of "ready" is of basic importance that an athlete receives a posstur in a position to start "ready" to ensure that an optimum angle of each foot to push it, an appropriate position from the center of gravity when the legs straightened out and the handle beginning of the muscles needed for a contraction of the muscles explosif kaki.Tanda major sign that a position is "ready" power is the optimum;
1. Balanced weight distribution

2. Axis hip higher than the shaft shoulder

3.Center of gravity forward

4. Knee angle 90 degrees on the front foot,

5. Knee angle 120 degrees on the back foot

6. straightened leg press start block

c. Position (on cue) "yes"

Legs and feet thrust in the start can be analyzed by using a board-pengalas dibangu power at the start block. When the feet hit the board on at the start, the impulse can be transmitted to and displayed on a dynamo-meter. The strength and duration of the impulse direction, also the timing of encouragement from each leg can be recorded.